N2 amadziwika kuti salowerera ndale komanso okhazikika (allotrope) wa nayitrogeni. Kuphatikizika kwa Neutral N3 ndi N4 zinanenedwa kale koma sizinathe kuzilekanitsa chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwakukulu. Ofufuza tsopano akwanitsa kupanga kutentha kwa chipinda cha hexanitrogen (N6), allotrope yatsopano yosalowerera ndale ya nayitrogeni yomwe angayike mu matrices a argon pa 10K. The synthesis ya N6 zidatsimikiziridwa mwachiwonetsero ndipo allotrope yatsopano idawonetsedwa kukhala yokhazikika. The kuwola anachita anali exothermic ndi kutulutsidwa kwa kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zosonyeza kuti n'zotheka ntchito monga mphamvu yosungirako ukadaulo malinga kufunikira kwa kutentha kwa madzi nayitrogeni. Ngakhale zili choncho, kukonzekera kwatsopano kokhazikika, kosalowerera ndale kwa nayitrogeni ndi chitukuko chachikulu mu chemistry.
Ma allotropes ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamapangidwe a chinthu chochokera kumitundu yosiyanasiyana yamalumikizidwe a ma atomu a chinthu chomwecho. Amakhala ndi katundu wosiyanasiyana kutengera kapangidwe kawo ndipo satenga nawo mbali mumitundu yosagwirizana. Mwachitsanzo, diamondi, graphite, ndi graphene salowerera, allotropes okhazikika a carbon. Momwemonso O2 ndi O3 (ozone) allotropes wa oxygen.
Nanga bwanji za mitundu yosalowerera ndale, yokhazikika ya nayitrogeni? Wabwino wakale N2 amangodziwika khola allotrope wa nayitrogeni. Ma allotropes ena awiri osalowerera ndale N3 ndi N4 adanenedwa kale mu 1956 ndi 2002 motsatana koma sanathe kudzipatula chifukwa cha kusakhazikika kwakukulu.
Akatswiri a zamankhwala tsopano apanga bwino C2h-symmetric hexanitrogen (C2h-N6) pa kutentha kwa chipinda. [C2h symmetry ndi mtundu wamba wa symmetry womwe umawonedwa m'dziko lamankhwala. AC2h-symmetric molekyulu imakhala ndi mbali ziwiri zozungulira (C2) ndi ndege yopingasa yagalasi (σh)].
Hexanitrogen (N6), allotrope yatsopano yosalowerera ndale ya nayitrogeni idapangidwa ndi kutentha kwa firiji kudzera munjira ya mpweya wa chlorine (Cl2) kapena bromine (Br2) yokhala ndi azide ya siliva (AgN3) pansi pa kupanikizika kocheperako. Izi zinatsatiridwa ndi kutsekeka kwa cryogenic mu matrices a argon ku 10 Kelvin. Ofufuzawa adathanso kukonzekera hexanitrogen mu mawonekedwe oyera ngati filimu pa 77 Kelvin (malo otentha a nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi).
Hexanitrogen (N6) motero kukonzedwa mu labotale anali yodziwika spectroscopically ndipo anasonyeza kukhala wokhazikika.
Pa kuwonongeka, hexanitrogen (N6) imagawanika kukhala atatu a N2 mamolekyu. Zomwe zimachitika zimakhala zovuta kwambiri ndi kutulutsidwa kwa 185.2 kcal pa mole ya mphamvu, yomwe ndi 2.2 ndi 1.9 nthawi zambiri kuposa mphamvu zomwe zimatulutsidwa pakuwonongeka kwa TNT ndi HMX ndi kulemera kwake. Chifukwa cha kutulutsa mphamvu kotereku pakuwola, hexanitrogen (N6) ikhoza kukhala yodalirika yosungiramo mphamvu zosungiramo mphamvu, komabe zomwe zingafune kusunga hexanitrogen pamadzi otentha a nayitrogeni pansi pa 77K zomwe sizingagwire bwino ntchito yosungira mphamvu.
Mosasamala kanthu za kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kulikonse kwamtsogolo, kukonzekera kutentha kwa chipinda kwa molekyulu yatsopano ya allotrope ya nayitrojeni yomwe ingatsekerezedwe m'malo a cryogenic ndi chitukuko chachikulu cha chemistry.
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Zothandizira:
- Qian, W., Mardyukov, A. & Schreiner, PR Kukonzekera kwa ndale nitrogen allotrope hexanitrogen C2 n6 ndi. Nature 642, 356-360 (2025). Lofalitsidwa: 11 June 2025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09032-9
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, a new neutral allotrope of nitrogen which they could trap in argon matrices at 10K. The synthesis of N6 was confirmed spectroscopically and the new allotrope was demonstrated to be stable.){kind=link}